piaget j 1950 the psychology of intelligence

These early sensori-motor experiences of the child have a great bearing on the development of his later intellectual abilities. This stage covers the period from birth to two years.

Simple learning occurs but the child doesn’t think at this stage. Formal operations stage (11 to adolescence). Concrete operation stage (7 to 11 years)ĥ. Sensori-Motor stage (from Birth to 2 years)Ĥ. He divided the stages of cognitive development of the child into the following five categories:ġ. Piaget traced the initiation of human cognitive development in terms of biologically inherited ways of interacting with the environment. Stages of Child (Intellectual) Development: According to Piaget learning depends on ‘Equilibration’. The process of restoring balance is called equilibration. Piaget asserted that the process of assimilation or accommodation helps the organism to adjust or maintain a harmonious relationship between himself and his environment. The Schemas or the structures change from one stage to another by the process of equilibration-maintaining balance between the child and his changing environment. Thus, the baby develops a new Schema or a modified Schema, called, ‘Accommodation’. A baby who has already got a schema of sucking mother’s breast accommodates to the object placed in the mouth-finger, nipple, pencil, a toy- depending on its shape, form and the size. It involves modification or change of some elements of an old schema or learning a new schema which is more appropriate for the new object. When a child is confronted with a new object, he tries to understand the new object by applying his old schema to it. When a child is engaged in sucking, there is a certain pattern of movements of the cheeks, lips and hands.

It implies incorporation of something from the environment. The various schemas with their contents form the basic structure of the human mind.Īssimilation refers to a kind of matching between the already existing cognitive structures and the environmental needs as they arise. It is coordinated with other patterns to form more complex patterns. As the development proceeds, each pattern enlarges and changes. Piaget called ‘Schemas’ as cognitive structures or the patterns of behaviour that children and adults use in dealing with objects in their environment. Piaget named these abilities or potentials as schem as. The initial cognitive structure of infants is supposed to incorporate only those cognitive abilities or potentials which help them to do such acts such as look, reach out or grasp. Piaget introduced four concepts for formulation of his theory.

Science of Education and the Psychology of the child (1969).

Piaget j 1950 the psychology of intelligence